Analogy.......[competitive. exam prep.... topic 11]

Analogy
lt is a similarity or comparability between like features of two things on which a comparison may be based. In these types of questions a series of numbers or alphabetical letters or combinations of both are given. The candidate is required to study the pattern and either to complete the given series with the suitable term or to find the wrong term in the series.
Types of Analogy Relationships:
Type I: Completing the Analogous Pair
In these types of questions, three words are given and two words are related to each other in some way. The candidate is required to find out the relationship between the third and fourth word on the basis of the relationship of the first two words.
Example: Plant: Tree:: Girl:?
(a) Sister
(b) Mother
(c) Women
(d) Wife
Solution: (c) Clearly first grows into the second.
Type II: Simple or Direct Analogy
Following example will explain the concept of Simple or Direct Analogy:
Example: Earth is related to Axis in the same way as wheel is related to …..?...
(a) Hub
(b) Scooter
(c) Tyre
(d) Road
Solution: (a) Here the first rotates about the second.
Type III: Selecting the Analogies Pair
Following example will explain the above concept:
Example: Sonnet: Poem
(a) Chapter:Book
(b) Lie:Falsehood
(c) Murder:Crime
(d) Ballad:Stanza
Solution: (c) Clearly Sonnet is a part of Poem, similarly murder is one of the type of Crime.
Type IV: Double Analogy
In the following example, two words indicated by I and II have been left out. The correct word to come in place of I is given as one of the four alternatives (1), (2), (3) and (4) against I and the correct word to come in place of II is given as one of the four alternatives (A), (B), (C) and (D) against II.  There is some relationship between the two words to the left of sign (::) and the same relationship obtains between the two words to the right of the sign (::).  The correct combination is given as one of the four alternatives (a), (b), (c) and (d). Find the correct combination.
Example: I: Horse:: Bray :II
I.    (1) Neigh (2) Hoof  (3) Ride     (4) Saddle
II.   (A) Relay (B) Pony (C) Wagon (D) Donkey
      (a) 1A      (b) 1D    (c) 2D        (d) 3C
Answer: (b) Clearly, first is the sound produced by II.
Type V: Selecting a similar word
In this type of questions, a group of three/four inter related words is given.  Candidate is required to select a word from the given alternatives that is similar to the given words and hence belongs to the same group.
Example: Mumbai: Kolkata: Mangalore
(a) Hyderabad
(b) Cochin
(c) Delhi
(d) Jaipur
Answer: (b) clearly, all are port cities.
Type VI: Multiple – word Analogy
In this type of questions, a group of three and four words is given and all of them are inter-related. The candidate is required to find out the relationship among the words given in the question and choose another group with the similar relationship from the given alternatives.
Type VII: Analogy based on Numbers
This section deals with the following types of questions:
Example1: 26:5:: 65:?
(a) 9
(b) 8
(c) 7
(d) 6
Example 2: 11:1210
(a) 6:216
(b) 7:1029
(c) 8:448
(d) 9:729
Example 3: Given set: (81, 77,69)
(a) (56, 52, 44)
(b) (64, 61, 53)
(c) (75,71,60)
(d) (92, 88, 79)
Solution: (a) Here 1st number – 4 = 2nd Number
2nd Number – 8 = 3rd Number.
Type VIII: Analogy based on Alphabet:
In these type of Questions a candidate is required to find out the relationship between two given groups of letters related to each other in some way and then choose either a letter group or pair consisting of similarly related letter groups.
Following example will explain the above concept:
Example: BUCKET: ACTVBDJLDFSU:: BONUS: ?
(a) CDPQOPVWTU
(b) SUNOR
(c) ACNPMOTVRT
(d) ACNPMOVWTU
Solution: (c) Here each letter of first group is replaces by two letters, where one letter comes before it and one comes after that particular letter in the second group.



KEEP PRACTICISING.............ALL THE BEST...............

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